Adlerian Group Therapy Essay Example for Free

Adlerian Group Therapy Essay As indicated by Glanz and Hayes (1967) Group Counseling and gathering terapy are practically conflicting ideas to he individual inexperienced with the nitty gritty practices present and gatherings, counceling, and treatment. various directing, bunch direction, and the lmost interchangeble utilization of guiding and psychotherapy have added to the vulnerability of the measurements and genuine nature of these new ideas. Adlerian in Group Counseling As indicated by Corey (202) Adler was a strategically and socially situated specialist who demonstrated extraordinary worry for the basic individual. For sure, a considerable lot of his initial customers were regular workers individuals who battled to get by, bring up and teach their youngsters, and have any kind of effect in the public eye. Some portion of Adler’s mission was to carry mental comprehension to everyone and to make an interpretation of mental ideas into down to earth techniques for helping a fluctuated populace address the difficulties of regular day to day existence. Alfred Adler made signifi cant commitments to contemporary remedial practice. Adler had faith in the social idea of people, and he was keen on working with customers in a gathering setting. He set up in excess of 30 youngster direction facilities in which he spearheaded live exhibits by meeting kids, grown-ups, instructors, and guardians before local gatherings. He was the fi rst specialist to utilize bunch strategies in an efficient manner in youngster direction focuses during the 1920s in Vienna. To completely welcome the improvement of the act of Adlerian brain science, one must perceive the commitments of Rudolf Dreikurs, who was to a great extent liable for expanding and promoting Adler’s work and transplanting Adler’s thoughts to the United States. He did a lot to make an interpretation of Adlerian standards into the act of gathering psychotherapy, and he utilized gathering psychotherapy in his private practice for over 40 years (see Dreikurs, 1960, 1967, 1997). Dreikurs created and refi ned Adler’s ideas into an obvious, workable framework with functional applications for family life, instruction, preventive emotional wellness, and, particula rly, bunch psychotherapy (Terner Pew, 1978). Dreikurs was a key fi gure in building up the Adlerian family instruction focuses in the United States. Work with youngsters and their folks in a gathering setting made ready for Dreikurs’s spearheading bunch psychotherapy.It is accepted that Dreikurs was the fi rst individual to utilize bunch treatment in a private practice. Adlerian mediations have been broadly applied to various customer populaces of any age in a wide range of settings. Adlerian bunch treatment is an incorporation of key ideas of Adlerian brain science with socially built, foundational, and brief methodologies dependent on the comprehensive model created by Dreikurs (Sonstegard Bitter, 2004). Targets of Adlerian Group Therapy  ·Establishing and keeping up an unequivocal connection among customers and instructor that depends on common trust and regard and in which the customer feels comprehended and acknowledged by the gathering.  ·Providing a helpful atmosphere in which customers can come to comprehend their nuts and bolts convictions and emotions about themselves and find why those convictions are broken.  ·helping customers form understanding into their mixed up objectives and pointless practices through a procedure of confrontatio and translation.  ·assisting customers in finding choices and urging them to settle on decisions that is, put experiences enthusiastically.  ·Group gives a reflection of people conduct.  ·Group individuals both recieve and give assistance. Methods THE FAMILY CONSTELLATION Adler considered the group of beginning as centrally affecting an individual’s character. Adler proposed that it was through the family group of stars that every individual structures their one of a kind perspective on self, others, and life. Factors, for example, social and familial qualities, sexual orientation job desires, and the idea of relational connections are all infl uenced by a child’s perception of the interactional examples inside the family. Adlerian appraisal depends vigorously on an investigation of the client’s family star grouping, including the client’s assessment of conditions that won in the family when the individual was a little youngster (family air), birth request, parental relationship and family esteems, and more distant family and culture. EARLY RECOLLECTIONS As you will review, another evaluation system utilized by Adlerians is to request that the customer give their most punctual recollections, including the age of the individual at the hour of the recalled occasions and the sentiments or responses related with the memories. Early memories are one-time events envisioned by the customer in clear detail. Adler contemplated that out of the a huge number of early recollections we may have we select those unique recollections that venture the basic feelings and even the fundamental errors of our lives. Early memories are a progression of little secrets that can be woven together and give an embroidered artwork that prompts a comprehension of how we see ourselves, how we see the world, what our life objectives are, what inspires us, what we esteem and have confidence in, and what we foresee for our future (Clark, 2002; Mosak Di Pietro, 2006). BIRTH OEDER AND SIBLING RELATIONSHIP The Adlerian approach is remarkable in focusing on the connections among kin and the mental birth position in one’s family. Adler distinguished five mental positions, or vantage focuses, from which kids will in general view life: most seasoned, second of just two, center, most youthful, and as it were. Phases of the Alerian Group Therapy STAGE 1: ESTABLISHING AND MAINTAININGCOHESIVE RELATIONSHIPS WITH MEMBERS In the underlying stage the accentuation is on building up a decent remedial relationship dependent on participation, joint effort, populism, and common regard. By taking care of the relationship from the primary meeting, advisors are establishing a framework for firm ness and association. Adlerians hold that the fruitful results of the other gathering stages depend on setting up and keeping up a solid helpful relationship at the underlying phase of directing (Watts Eckstein, 2009). Gathering members are urged to be dynamic in the process since they are answerable for their own cooperation in the gathering. The gathering circumstance gives test chance to chip away at trust issues and to fortify the connection among part and pioneer. Additionally, by seeing positive changes in peers, members can perceive how well the gathering functions. STAGE 2: ANALYSIS AND ASSESSMENT (EXPLORING THE INDIVIDUAL’S DYNAMICS) The point of the subsequent stage is twofold: understanding one’s way of life and perceiving how it is influencing one’s current working in all the errands of life (Mosak Maniacci, 2011). During this appraisal stage, accentuation is on the person in their social and social setting. Adlerians don't attempt to fi t customers into a biased model; rather, they permit striking social character ideas to rise and take care of a clients’ individual importance of culture (Carlson Englar-Carlson, 2008). The pioneer may start by investigating how the members are working busy working and in social circumstances and how they feel about themselves and their sexual orientation job characters. STAGE 3: AWARENESS AND INSIGHT While the old style investigative position is that character can't change except if there is knowledge, the Adlerian see is that knowledge is an uncommon type of mindfulness that encourages an important comprehension inside the directing relationship and goes about as an establishment for change. However this mindfulness isn't, all by itself, enough to realize signifi cant change. It is an unfortunate obligation, not an end in itself. As indicated by Carlson and Englar-Carlson (2008), the Adlerian approach is both knowledge situated and activity arranged. In spite of the fact that understanding into our issues can be valuable, it is fundamental that this mindfulness prompts helpful development toward wanted objectives. It is to be noticed that individuals can make unexpected and signifi cant changes absent a lot of understanding. STAGE 4: REORIENTATION AND REEDUCATION The finished result of the gathering procedure is reorientation and revised instruction. The reorientation stage comprises of both the gathering chiefs and the individuals cooperating to challenge wrong convictions about self, life, and others. The accentuation is on thinking about elective convictions, practices, and mentalities. During this stage, individuals put knowledge without hesitation, settling on new decisions that are increasingly reliable with their ideal objectives (Carlson Englar-Carlson, 2008). There is a change in members’ mentalities toward their present life circumstance and the issues they have to understand. This reorientation is an instructive encounter. Adlerian bunches are portrayed by an endeavor to reorient flawed living examples and show a superior comprehension of the rules that bring about agreeable connection (Sonstegard Bitter, 2004). One of the points is showing members how to turn out to be increasingly successful in managing the assignments of life. Another point is testing and urging customers to face challenges and make changes. References: Corey, G. (2012), Theories And Practice of Group Couneling Eight version. US, 2008 Brooks/Cole, Cengage Learning. Corey, G. (2009), Theories And Practice of Counseling and Psychoterapy. US, 2005 Thomson Brooks/Cole.z

The Olympic Games Employment Opportunities

The Olympic Games Employment Opportunities The essential target of this thesis was to discover the financial advantages and effects of the London 2012 Olympics for London since advancement and recovery started in 2007. Accordingly, this thesis meant to distinguish the related favorable circumstances and any negative effect of being the host of an Olympiad, yet at this phase of the examination made no figure about the size of effect. Subsequently while the exposition advances there will be contentions, examination and assessments to set up whether there is legitimate reason for the UK government and LOCOG burning through billions on an erratic occasion, all for the sake of supporting social government assistance and financial headway. This exposition at first gave an outline of both prior and proceeding with research to help the conversation around parts of inheritance and financial development since 2005 reliable with the contention of Veal and Frawley (2009). Drawing on the exercises from past Games, this thesis will likewise concentrate on the three stage monetary advantages of the London 2012 Olympics. Building up the effect of the Olympics on inhabitants and comrades the same was another point in the thesis. For this thesis this request was done in type of a study. The outcomes uncovered a lot, right off the bat it indicated that the more youthful age discovered motivation from the games with 71% of respondents expressing they would participate in some type of game and exercise. Moreover the outcomes additionally demonstrated a large portion of the respondents were uncertain whether the games were an incentive for cash this resounds with the considerations of Dennis (2012). The most amazing disclosure was tha t 66% of the respondents accepted the games were persuasive, charming and in addition worth all the expense. The exposition uncovered that the London 2012 games are all the more socially and monetarily advantageous at the pre-game and games year yet these advantages and effects are not relatively clear somewhere else in the UK. The post-game stage investigation indicated that there was incredible vulnerability as to monetary development and inheritance of Olympics, with Greece 2004 a case of when things turn out badly. In spite of this, there is still space for additional examination on the social effects of Olympic Games. Part 1: INTRODUCTION The Olympic Games produces bunches of energy and incredible desires. More than essentially a game, facilitating the best show on earth is seen by some as a once in a blue moon chance to give new framework and convey advantages to nearby inhabitants and networks. (Life et al, 2004) From when Pierre de Coubertin, established the cutting edge Olympics in the late nineteenth century, urban communities and nations have tried to reclassify themselves by arranging the Olympic Games. To the host nation, the games offers worldwide presentation and universes enthusiasm for its social riches, making openings for work during and after the games, pulling in incomes from the travel industry, and motivation for the country. Remembered for this quest for Olympic brilliance was the Great Britain. After three back to back bombed offers, the Olympics were at long last granted to London on the fifth of July 2005. The positive thinking and enthusiasm towards the London 2012 venture from the offer group became irresistible spreading over a country that was a lot of enlivened and hopeful. Regardless of this, when Londons name was pulled out the notorious cap, pundits like Gross (2012) and Dennis (2012) drove the incomparable Olympic investigation in the years after the offer was won . Net (2012) depicting the offering procedure of London 2012 as a tiring and frequently ludicrous crusade, that went with itself with a  £11.5bn tab. He said the genuine degree of financing has been covered up, the procedure is not really straightforward? Anyway prior in 2005 it became evident that the subsidizing would be from both the general population and private segments. As per the Olympic Delivery Authority (ODA) (2005) a  £2bn subsidize originating from London Olympic Committee Organizing the Games (LOCOG) was collected from the private area through a blend of sponsorship, marketing, ticketing and communicate rights. The ODA (2005) spending which provided food recovery and foundation ventures was from the open area, the subsidizing was the breakdown was as per the following; 63.3% from Central Government 23.3% from National Lottery 13.4% from the Mayor of London and the London Development Agency Extra analysis exuded from the France 2012 offering group, they demonstrated that Londons offer depended on guarantees not connected to the real world (Molds, 2009) as they accepted the financial plan was cut excessively low. Monroe (2007) was in understanding in the wake of examining Olympic financial plans of the previous four Olympics, she also said the spending plan was driven without a doubt. An air of vindication came upon the pundits as it became visible that the London 2012 Olympics financial plan was not going to design. The Olympic spending plan took off from  £2.4bn to  £9.3bn in 2008, leaving just  £475m in the possibility finance (BBC, 2012). In any case, LOCOG and ODA expressed this was not paltry spending but instead an unfortunate chore. The Games were focused as an improvement for social turn of events and financial development close by being a stage change in the change of the East End of London. In essence offering for the Olympics is a determined hazard that can either go to gold or leave the hosts in the beginning squares. Progressively identified with the extent of my examination, is the financial commitment of an Olympics and the post games heritage. Learning this will be finished by investigating the practical, geological and social ramifications for London as the host of the 2012 Olympics. The explanation behind the emphasis on London is in accordance with the Barton (2004) report that featured that for enormous economies, for example, the United States and United Kingdom, the monetary effect of facilitating major games seems, by all accounts, to be increasingly noteworthy principally at the neighborhood or local level, less effects found in urban areas past the Olympic Hubs. What is likewise critical is that this exposition not just looks to build up the financial effects of facilitating the Olympics, yet in addition to decide how supportable these advantages are later on through a three stage monetary evaluation. As it were the manner by which the games can boost the alleged inheritance. The test anyway lies in how to gauge and measure potential compensations of an occasion that has simply occurred. Magnay (2009) maybe offers an adroit explanation of this worldview. Magnay (2009) states that in their least complex structures, financial effects are either unmistakable or immaterial. Generally this implies the pre-games and games-year stages show apparent unmistakable advantages, for example, physical framework, the travel industry, work and buyer spending. On the opposite side untruth the impalpable advantages or the inheritance, apparent in the life after Olympics. In the post games there is more prominent vulnerability specifically for London 2012 as a result of the current financial downturn. One of the difficulties experienced in this examination is the shortage of studies that take a gander at a connection between financial motivation and the inheritance. On a fundamental level a hypothetical hole with which my paper plans to handle, following crafted by Blake (2005), Barton (2004), Gratton and Preuss (2008). This thesis will likewise contribute in no little manner towards supplementing scholarly and conventional philosophy on the heritage, financial effects of Olympic Games. This is with the expectation that this paper could fill in as foundation for additional exploration in the investigation of facilitating worldwide games. In any case, facilitating the Olympics is unquestionably an expensive business; because of this it offers a premise to make a chance to direct such research (Blake, 2005). Furthermore away from the scholastic presentation and taking in encounters got from the exploration, this exposition will give an educated understanding into the picked territor y regarding study. Section 2: AIMS AND OBJECTIVES Magnay (2010) expressed the LOCOG CEO has recently shown, the games are a vital resource for the nation. Because of this announcement there is a need to build up if the games are genuinely resource or a weight. This should be possible by demonstrating in the case of facilitating the Olympics adds up to a more noteworthy financial advantage in contrast with the brought about expense from origin through to the inevitable clear up. Furthermore the papers will research the variables which legitimize the expansion of the Olympic financial plan during a huge and continued monetary downturn. Since the International Olympic Committee (IOC) is the lead board of trustees for both summer and winter Olympics, to come to an appropriate end result the point is to utilize measurements and other data identifying with both these varieties of Olympiad as pertinent wellsprings of adding to the following contention. This is on the grounds that the offering, arranging, association and subsidizing convent ions all follow similar strategies, accordingly correlations should be possible with respect to method and convention. Anyway what is appropriate to call attention to is that any examinations among London and winter Olympics will be restricted to social effects and cost invades. Goals This paper is a chance to introduce an impartial view on the London Olympics and the potential effects, while making an educated judgment on it as indicated by the proof introduced. This thesis will raise significant monetary, political and social issues encompassing the Olympics and conceivably give further understanding to the accompanying territories. To recognize the nature, attributes and highlights of wearing uber occasions, with explicit reference to the London 2012 Olympic Games. To basically audit the writing on cost, effects and advantages of facilitating the Olympics, in the long run prompting a proper end that sums up the breadth and intricacy of the ideas encompassing financial effect of the London 2012 Olympics. To assess the net advantage of the Olympic Spectacle to London from the perspe

Types of Unemployment (Which Is the Worst)

Types of Unemployment (Which Is the Worst) Sometimes, companies and business are forced to lay off employees because of a number of reasons â€" restructuring, downsizing, or even when the company goes out of business. If you have ever been laid off for one reason or the other, you have experienced some type of unemployment.Economists measure different types of unemployment to help them determine the health of an economy and help governments and businesses navigate changes in the economy.In this article, we are going to look at the different types of unemployment. Before we look at the different types of unemployment, however, let’s start by understanding what unemployment is.WHAT IS UNEMPLOYMENT?Unemployment refers to a situation where a person of working age who is looking for work is unable to find employment. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, for someone to be termed as unemployed, they have to meet these three conditions:They do not have any job, not even a temporary or part-time job.They are currently availa ble for work.They have actively searched for a job in the past four weeks.According to these conditions set by the BLS, people who have stopped looking for work are not regarded as unemployed. They are not even counted as part of the labor force. If, for example, an unemployed person wins some money through the lottery and stops looking for work as they enjoy their new found wealth, that person is not considered as unemployed.Actively looking for work means that a person has either contacted an employer, a recruiter, or even friends and relatives in relation to finding work, submitted resumes or sent out job applications, answered job advertisements, and so on.Someone who has used passive job search methods, such as attending job training courses, is not considered to be actively looking for work, since such methods do not have the potential to help this person get the attention of potential employers.The unemployment rate is calculated by dividing the number of unemployed persons b y the total number of people forming the labor force.Now that we understand what unemployment is and how it is calculated, we can move on to the different types of unemployment.FRICTIONAL UNEMPLOYMENT Frictional unemployment, also referred to as search unemployment, is a type of unemployment that occurs due to normal turnover in the labor market, as people who have left their jobs go through the motions of finding another job. In the course of the year, it is inevitable that some workers will change jobs.Once they do, it will take some time for these workers to learn about new job opportunities, apply for these jobs, go for interviews and get hired. People going through this process are said to be frictionally unemployed.Let’s assume that Annette, who lives and works Nevada, is getting married to Phil, who works in North Carolina. After their wedding, Annette might decide to leave her job in Nevada and find a new job in North Carolina, where she will be closer to her husband. Duri ng this period, as Annette looks for a new job in North Carolina having left her old job, Annette is said to be frictionally unemployed. Similarly, if another person, Melvin, feels unsatisfied with his current job and decides to quit and look for another job, he will be said to be frictionally unemployed during the period between the two jobs.Frictional unemployment also occurs as people who have not been previously employed go through the process of finding work. For instance, if Peggy has just graduated from University and started her job search, it might take her a couple of months before she finds employment. In the period she is actively searching for a job, Peggy is also frictionally unemployed. Similarly, mothers who are returning to the workforce postpartum are also said to be frictionally unemployed.Frictional unemployment stems from economic frictions arising from redeployment of labor. This redeployment may be due to changes in employee demands for employment or changes i n employer’s demand for different types of labor. For instance, if the demand for some goods or services changes, employees who were specialized in the production of these goods or provision of these services will need some time to move to a different line of work.Frictional unemployment occurs not because there is decreased demand for labor, but rather due to difficulties in getting labor and opportunities together. Frictional unemployment is temporary and is considered a natural part of the job search process. Actually, frictional unemployment is beneficial to the economy to some extent, since it makes it possible for workers to move to jobs where they can maximize their productivity.There is not much that can be done to reduce frictional unemployment. However, the situation can be improved through measures that improve the mobility of labor, such as provision of information about job openings, provision of information on how workers can improve their job search, improvement in transportation facilities, use of employment exchanges to provide employment assistance, and so on.STRUCTURAL UNEMPLOYMENTStructural unemployment occurs in situations where long term changes in the economy and market conditions create a mismatch between the skills needed by employers and the skills that workers possess. Structural unemployment can also be defined as long term unemployment brought about by a decline in demand for production in certain industries or changes in the production process, leading to reduction in labor requirements or even disinvestment in that particular industry.In some cases, structural unemployment can be a result of geographical reasons, such as in situations where workers may live in areas that are too far away from places where jobs are available. Structural unemployment can also be made worse by some extraneous factors such as government policy, competition and technology.A good example of structural unemployment is the massive loss of well-paying m anufacturing jobs over the last three decades in the United States, caused by a migration of production jobs to Asian countries like China, due to lower production costs in these countries. This shift causes workers who were employed in the manufacturing industry in the United States to be structurally unemployed. In this case, the cause of structural unemployment is globalization.Structural unemployment is the most common type of unemployment. It is also the worst type of unemployment. Since it is caused by forces other than the business cycle, it is more permanent in nature compared to other types of unemployment. Its effects can last for decades.Structural unemployment is also harder to correct and may need radical changes for the situation to be rectified. Workers who are structurally unemployed are either forced to learn a new skill or move to regions where their specific skill set is still in demands, both of which are difficult for many workers.While some governmental policie s may be put in place to reduce structural unemployment, their effect is usually minimal, since the market is no longer in need of the skills of the structurally unemployed group.CYCLICAL UNEMPLOYMENT Alex works at an auto factory. If the economy goes into a recession today, less and less people will spend their money buying cars. With the decreased demand for cars, there will be less work to do at the factory, and in a bid to maintain profit margins, the auto maker might be forced to lay off Alex. In this case, Alex will have experienced cyclic unemployment. Once the economy strengthens, more people will start buying cars, there will be more work to be done at the factory, and Alex will probably be rehired.Cyclical unemployment occurs as a result of the contraction phase of the business cycle. This phase is characterized by a dramatic decrease in the aggregate demand for goods and services, which in turn forces businesses to lay off employees in order to minimize costs. This kind o f unemployment is referred to as cyclical because it is related to the business cycle. Over time, the economy goes through many ups and downs. During periods of contraction, workers get laid off in large numbers in what is known as downsizing.Once the economy enters the expansion phase, workers get rehired in large numbers. Cyclical unemployment can also be referred to as demand-deficient unemployment, since it is caused by a deficiency in demand or purchasing power. Cyclical unemployment is a major cause of high unemployment. Since it is caused by a decrease in general demand, cyclical unemployment affects all industries simultaneously.Cyclical unemployment can lead to a downward spiral of unemployment. Workers who have been laid off due to decreased demand now have less disposable income to spend on things they need, which lowers demand and business revenue even further, resulting in more workers being laid off. If no intervention is made, this downward spiral continues until the supply of labor decreases enough to match the decreased demand. This can lead to very high levels of unemployment.This is what happened during after the stock market crash of 1929. The government failed to intervene, causing a downward spiral of unemployment and decreased demand that led to the Great Depression, which lasted a decade and raised the unemployment rate to 25%. It was demand for military equipment resulting from the start of World War II that finally lifted the economy from the Great Depression.Cyclical unemployment can also lead to structural unemployment. In a bid to minimize costs and maintain profit margins, businesses which have already laid off workers due to an economic downtown might implement some changes in their production process. Once the economy re-enters the expansion phase, workers who had been laid off might need new skills in order to be rehired. Those unwilling to go back to school and learn new skills end up being structurally unemployed, since their former skills are no longer required.What then should be done to prevent the self-fulfilling downward spiral of cyclical unemployment? The solution is to implement measures that will increase total expenditure in the economy, which will in turn drive up the effective demand. This can be done through expansive monetary policies and fiscal policies such as deficit financing. Fortunately, since cyclical unemployment follows the phases of the business cycle, it cannot be a permanent phenomenon.SEASONAL UNEMPLOYMENTPeople often confuse seasonal unemployment with cyclical unemployment, owing to the fact that both of them occur at certain times and not others. There is a difference between the two. Whereas cyclical unemployment is tied to the business cycle, seasonal unemployment is tied to regular changes in the season. For instance, ice cream vendors are seasonally unemployed during winter, since there is minimal demand for ice cream.Ski instructors, on the other hand, become seasonally unemployed in summer, since most of the skiing happens during winter. Workers who harvest crops are also seasonally unemployed in between harvests.Seasonal unemployment is caused by a seasonal pattern of demand or due to the fact that some industries only produce or distribute their products seasonally. As a result, these industries hire high numbers of workers in peak season and lay many of them off during off-peak seasons. Seasonal unemployment is mainly common in industries such as farming, construction, entertainment, fishing, and tourism.It’s good to note that the Bureau of Labor Statistics does not keep track of seasonal unemployment. Instead, they make adjustments to their estimates to factor in such seasonal variables.TECHNOLOGICAL UNEMPLOYMENT In January 2018, a union representing workers in the oil sands extractions industry made a public outcry against one the biggest companies in the industry. The company was in the process of implementing autonomous ore-hauling truck s, a move that would see over 400 workers laid off by the company. If the company succeeded in the implementation of the driverless trucks and the subsequent laying off of workers, these employees would have experienced technological unemployment.Technological unemployment is a type of unemployment that occurs in situations where workers lose their jobs due to technological improvement. Companies are always looking for ways of minimizing costs or making production more efficient.This might happen through the introduction of new machinery, introduction of labor-saving devices, improvement of production methods, and so on. When this happens, it is inevitable that some workers will lose their jobs as a result. Technological unemployment can be termed as a subset of structural unemployment. The laid off workers lose their jobs since their skills are no longer needed in the market.In developed countries, technological unemployment is usually a temporary phenomenon. The introduction of mo re capital promotes creation of many allied industries and leads to diversification of activities, creating new job opportunities that absorb the workers who became unemployed due to technological change. For instance, when the tractor was introduced, it displaced a great number of workers who were working in farms.As demand for tractors rose, many of those who had lost their jobs in the farms found work in factories assembling and repairing tractors. Similarly, the introduction of unmanned military drones reduced the demand for military pilots, but it increased the demand for drone controllers and analysts to make sense of the information collected by drones. Since most technology in developed countries is at advanced stages, their economies do not experience any sudden shifts due to technology either, thus minimizing the impact of technological unemployment.In underdeveloped countries, technological change is a much bigger problem. Introduction of new technology leads to displacem ent of huge portions of the labor force, yet the creation of allied industries is minimal, so few jobs are created to absorb the unemployed workers. The solution to technological unemployment is to ensure the large scale creation of new jobs in other fields.CLASSICAL UNEMPLOYMENTThis type of unemployment is also referred to as induced unemployment or real wage unemployment. This type of unemployment occurs in situations where wages are higher than the laws of supply and demand can support. Since companies have to pay more per employee, they can only afford a few employees, forcing them to lay off the other employees.In some cases, classical unemployment can even force businesses to do away with some positions. Classical unemployment is caused by one of the following situations:Powerful trade unions negotiate for salaries and benefits that are above the market equilibrium.The government comes up with legal minimum wages that are higher than the market equilibrium.Wages set by long te rm contracts exceed the equilibrium due to recession, forcing a company to lay off some workers to maintain the wages set by the contract.To make it easier to understand, let’s use an example. Let us assume that a business is willing to pay $30,000 to its salespeople. The business knows that the revenue brought by each salesperson is above $30,000, therefore the business can still remain profitable at this wage rate.At the same time, the union for salespeople within the area has negotiated for salaries of $40,000 per year, and no unemployed worker in the area is willing to work as a salesperson for less than $40,000.In this case, the real wages unemployed workers in the area are willing to accept is higher that the wages the company is ready to pay. Consequently, the business will refrain from hiring salespeople, leading to an instance of classical unemployment.CASUAL UNEMPLOYMENTIn some industries, workers are employed to perform contractual jobs on a day-to-day basis. Once the c ontract â€" which is usually short term in nature â€" terminates, the worker becomes unemployed and has to find another job elsewhere or get into a new contract with the same firm if they have some more work.Such a worker is said to be experiencing casual unemployment until they find another job. In other words, casual unemployment is the inevitable time delay when a casual worker is in between two jobs.Casual unemployment is common in industries where workers are hired on short term contract basis, such as agriculture and construction industries. Casual unemployment also happens in situations where some extra workers are required to perform a one-off job.For instance, in a dockyard, extra workers might be hired to help with loading or unloading. Once the task is done, the extra workers are let go and they become casually unemployed. The same happens in times of events such as weddings and parties.A caterer providing services in a wedding might hire extra workers to help serve food at the wedding. Once the wedding is over, these extra workers become casually unemployed. Casual unemployment is also common in the film industry where junior actors are hired on a casual basis.NATURAL UNEMPLOYMENTThis is a broad category of unemployment which covers some of the other types of unemployment discussed above. Natural unemployment is defined as the lowest rate of unemployment that an economy can support. Even when an economy is at its healthiest, it is inevitable that there will be some level of unemployment. It is impossible for 100% of the labor force to be employed. Natural unemployment can therefore be considered as a baseline below which the levels of unemployment cannot decline.Natural unemployment is termed as ‘natural’ because it is caused by other factors that are independent of the state of the economy. No economic or market fix can be made to eliminate natural unemployment. Since unemployment rates cannot fall below the natural unemployment rate, an econo my that has reached this point is said to be at full employment. Natural unemployment may be due to frictional, structural or classical unemployment.Economists consider a natural unemployment rate of around 4% to be an indicator of a healthy economy. The lowest natural unemployment rate ever experienced in the United States was 2.5%, in May 1953.DISGUISED UNEMPLOYMENTTake a situation where a family in an urban setting owns a business that can be effectively run by 5 people. Unable to find employment in any other place, all the 8 members of the family decide to work in the family business. While it might seem like all the members of this family are employed, three of them are actually unemployed. The work they do does not in any way improve the productivity of the family business. If anything, they might end up hampering productivity.Also referred to as hidden unemployment, disguised unemployment is a form of unemployment where it may seem that some people are employed, when in fact they are not. Disguised unemployment occurs in situations where there is overemployment or where employees are working in a redundant manner. With surplus manpower employed, the marginal productivity of some individuals falls to zero.Even if such employees are removed, the level of output does not get affected. This kind of unemployment is termed as disguised unemployment because the individuals who are disguisedly unemployed are not counted in official unemployment statistics, yet their employment provides little value to the economy in terms of productivity.Disguised unemployment is common in developing countries where increasing populations result in a surplus in the labor force.WRAPPING UPUnemployment occurs when people of working age who are willing to work cannot find any jobs. Unemployment is a natural part of the job search process; it is impossible for 100% of a country’s labor force to be employed. The different types of unemployment are frictional, structural, cyclical, seasonal, technological, classical, casual, natural and disguised unemployment.As you might have noticed from this article, many types of unemployment occur as a result of immobility of labor.Unemployment is divided into different types to help economists understand the economy and come up with strategies to lower the rate of unemployment. The goal of any economy is to achieve full employment.